NURS_6501_Week 4_Case Study_Assignment_
understanding of the respiratory system is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment
An understanding of the respiratory system is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified by the fact that oftentimes, the respiratory system works closely with the cardiovascular system. A variety of factors and circumstances that impact the emergence and severity of issues in one system can have a role in the performance of the other.
Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond these systems and their capacity to work together. The impact of patient characteristics, as well as racial and ethnic variables, can also have an important impact.
An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in the respiratory system is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.
In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.
RESOURCES
These readings are intended to serve as supplementary to the Lecturio content provided in this course. Please refer/review these supplementary resources should you need help in reinforcing concepts and in preparation for completing this week’s Assessments.
McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems; Summary Review
Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function (stop at Dysrhythmias); Summary Review
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System; Summary Review
Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function (stop at Disorders of the chest wall and pleura); (obstructive pulmonary diseases) (stop at Pulmonary artery hypertension); Summary Review
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
The Assignment
In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following
The pulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms.
Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
How these processes interact to affect the patient.
NURS_6501_Week 4_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric
NURS_6501_Week 4_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric
Criteria
Ratings
Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeDevelop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following: Explain pulmonary pathophysiologic processes of why the patient presents these symptoms.
30 to >27.0 pts
Excellent
The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms. … The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed reasons, with explanation for the pulmonary pathophysiologic processes supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.
27 to >24.0 pts
Good
The response describes the patient symptoms. … The response includes accurate reasons, with explanation for the pulmonary pathophysiologic processes supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.
24 to >22.0 pts
Fair
The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague or inaccurate. … The response includes reasons for the pulmonary pathophysiologic processes, with explanations that are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research.
22 to >0 pts
Poor
The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague and inaccurate, or the description is missing. … The response does not include reasons for pulmonary pathophysiologic processes, or the explanations are vague or based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
30 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeExplain how the pulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient.
30 to >27.0 pts
Excellent
The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of how the pulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient.
27 to >24.0 pts
Good
The response includes an accurate explanation of how the pulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient.
24 to >22.0 pts
Fair
The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how thepulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient.
22 to >0 pts
Poor
The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how thepulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient.
30 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeExplain any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
25 to >22.0 pts
Excellent
The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.
22 to >19.0 pts
Good
The response includes an accurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.
19 to >17.0 pts
Fair
The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, and/or explanations based on inappropriate evidence/research.
17 to >0 pts
Poor
The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, or the explanations are based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
25 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.
5 to >4.0 pts
Excellent
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. … A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria.
4 to >3.0 pts
Good
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. … Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet are brief and not descriptive.
3 to >2.0 pts
Fair
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time. … Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic.
2 to >0 pts
Poor
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time. … No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided.
5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation
5 to >4.0 pts
Excellent
Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.
4 to >3.0 pts
Good
Contains a few (1 or 2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
3 to >2.0 pts
Fair
Contains several (3 or 4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
2 to >0 pts
Poor
Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.
5 to >4.0 pts
Excellent
Uses correct APA format with no errors.
4 to >3.0 pts
Good
Contains a few (1 or 2) APA format errors.
3 to >2.0 pts
Fair
Contains several (3 or 4) APA format errors.
2 to >0 pts
Poor
Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.
5 pts
Total Points: 100
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NURS 6501 Week 4 Case Study Assignment
**Case Study Analysis**
**Patient Symptoms:**
The patient presents with symptoms indicative of respiratory distress, including dyspnea (shortness of breath), cough, and wheezing. These symptoms suggest underlying pulmonary pathophysiologic processes affecting the patient’s respiratory function.
**Pulmonary Pathophysiologic Processes:**
The patient’s dyspnea, cough, and wheezing can be attributed to obstructive pulmonary diseases such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In asthma, bronchoconstriction, inflammation, and increased mucus production lead to airway narrowing, resulting in difficulty breathing and wheezing. Similarly, in COPD, chronic inflammation and narrowing of the airways, along with destruction of lung tissue (emphysema), contribute to airflow limitation and respiratory symptoms.
**Interaction of Pulmonary Pathophysiologic Processes:**
In asthma and COPD, the underlying pulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to exacerbate respiratory symptoms. Inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma lead to bronchoconstriction, further exacerbating airflow limitation. In COPD, chronic inflammation and mucus production contribute to airway narrowing and obstruction, exacerbating dyspnea and wheezing. Additionally, exacerbations of asthma or COPD can trigger further inflammation and airway constriction, leading to acute worsening of symptoms.
**Racial/Ethnic Variables Impacting Physiological Functioning:**
Racial and ethnic variables can influence the prevalence, severity, and management of respiratory diseases. For example, studies have shown that African American individuals are disproportionately affected by asthma and have higher rates of asthma-related hospitalizations and mortality compared to White individuals. Socioeconomic factors, environmental exposures (such as air pollution and allergens), genetic predisposition, and healthcare disparities contribute to these racial disparities in respiratory health outcomes.
**Conclusion:**
In summary, the patient’s symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and wheezing are indicative of obstructive pulmonary diseases such as asthma or COPD. These pulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to exacerbate respiratory symptoms, leading to impaired lung function. Additionally, racial and ethnic variables may impact the prevalence and severity of respiratory diseases, highlighting the importance of considering social determinants of health in disease diagnosis and management.
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