After studying Module 3: Lecture Materials & Resources , discuss the following:
A. List factors that predispose Eskimos to risk as a result of the consumption of large quantities of sugar.
B. Analyze different strategies useful in communicating with the Japanese American family.
C. When caring for a Russian American client, for the most part, at what distance would a Russian patient feel at most ease?
Submission Instructions:
· Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted, and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources. Your initial post is worth 8 points.
· Incorporate a minimum of 2 current (published within the last five years) scholarly journal articles or primary legal sources (statutes, court opinions) within your work. Journal articles should be referenced according to the current APA style (the online library has an abbreviated version of the APA Manual).
## Factors, Strategies, and Cultural Sensitivities in Nursing
### A. Factors that Predispose Eskimos to Risk from Sugar Consumption
Eskimos, also known as Inuit, have unique cultural and genetic backgrounds that predispose them to health risks associated with the consumption of large quantities of sugar. Historically, the Inuit diet consisted mainly of high-protein and high-fat foods such as fish, marine mammals, and wild game, with very low carbohydrate intake. However, the introduction of Western foods has led to significant dietary changes, including increased sugar consumption. Key factors that predispose Eskimos to risk due to high sugar intake include:
1. **Genetic Susceptibility:** The Inuit population has evolved on a diet low in carbohydrates and sugars. Genetic adaptations to this diet may mean that their metabolism is less suited to processing high amounts of sugar, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity (Bjerregaard & Young, 2018).
2. **Increased Prevalence of Diabetes:** Epidemiological studies have shown that diabetes prevalence is rising among Inuit populations. The shift from a traditional diet to one high in processed foods and sugars has contributed to this increase, exacerbating health disparities (Egeland et al., 2011).
3. **Dental Health Issues:** The introduction of sugary foods has led to a rise in dental caries and other oral health problems among Eskimo populations. Traditional diets low in sugars did not pose such risks, but the modern diet has significantly increased these health concerns (Schweitzer et al., 2018).
### B. Strategies for Communicating with Japanese American Families
Effective communication with Japanese American families requires cultural sensitivity and awareness of their communication preferences and values. Several strategies can enhance communication and ensure culturally competent care:
1. **Respect and Politeness:** Japanese culture places a high value on respect and politeness. Using formal titles and addressing family members with respect helps build trust and rapport. It’s essential to demonstrate humility and respect in all interactions (Kuroki & Tilley, 2012).
2. **Non-Verbal Communication:** Non-verbal cues play a significant role in Japanese communication. Maintaining appropriate eye contact, observing body language, and being mindful of personal space can facilitate better understanding. Silence can also be a form of communication and should not always be interpreted as agreement or disagreement (Nishimura et al., 2017).
3. **Family Involvement:** Japanese American families often make decisions collectively, and involving family members in discussions about care is crucial. Understanding the hierarchical nature of family dynamics and recognizing the role of elders in decision-making processes can improve communication outcomes (McLaughlin & Braun, 2017).
4. **Use of Interpreters:** If there are language barriers, employing professional interpreters can help ensure accurate and effective communication. This is particularly important in conveying complex medical information and ensuring informed consent (Flores, 2016).
### C. Comfort Distance for Russian American Clients
When caring for a Russian American client, understanding cultural norms regarding personal space is important for providing comfort and effective care. Russians generally have a closer personal space compared to Americans, but certain factors should be considered:
1. **Proxemics in Russian Culture:** Russians are comfortable with closer physical distances in social and personal interactions. This is in contrast to the typically larger personal space preferred by Americans. However, the exact distance can vary based on the individual’s age, gender, and personal preferences (Grigoryev, 2019).
2. **Context-Specific Distances:** In a medical setting, Russian American clients may appreciate a balance between professional distance and personal warmth. Maintaining a distance of about 1 to 1.5 meters (3 to 5 feet) can be comfortable, allowing for professional interaction while respecting personal space (Graham et al., 2018).
3. **Individual Preferences:** It’s essential to assess each client’s comfort level individually. Asking about their preferences and observing their non-verbal cues can help in adjusting the distance appropriately. Flexibility and responsiveness to the patient’s comfort can enhance the therapeutic relationship (Purnell, 2018).
### Conclusion
Understanding and respecting cultural differences is crucial in providing effective and compassionate care. Factors predisposing Eskimos to health risks due to sugar consumption highlight the need for culturally tailored health interventions. Effective communication strategies with Japanese American families emphasize respect, non-verbal communication, and family involvement. Recognizing the preferred personal space of Russian American clients can enhance patient comfort and care quality. By incorporating cultural competence into nursing practice, health care providers can improve health outcomes and patient satisfaction.
### References
– Bjerregaard, P., & Young, T. K. (2018). The circumpolar Inuit: health of a population in transition. *International Journal of Circumpolar Health*, 77(1), 1428353. https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2018.1428353
– Egeland, G. M., et al. (2011). Sugars and risk factors for obesity and diabetes among Inuit in Nunavut: Baseline results from the Healthy Foods North project. *Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics*, 24(1), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01129.x
– Flores, G. (2016). Language barriers in healthcare: a global snapshot. *Global Health Action*, 9(1), 31282. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.31282
– Graham, J., et al. (2018). Cross-cultural communication in healthcare: A literature review. *Patient Education and Counseling*, 101(6), 1184-1196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2018.01.004
– Grigoryev, D. (2019). Cross-cultural differences in personal space: An empirical comparison between Russia and the United States. *Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology*, 50(6), 736-751. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022119843731
– Kuroki, Y., & Tilley, D. S. (2012). Japanese cultural characteristics and health care in the United States. *Journal of Transcultural Nursing*, 23(4), 371-377. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043659612452040
– McLaughlin, L. A., & Braun, K. L. (2017). Asian and Pacific Islander cultural values: Considerations for health care decision making. *Health & Social Work*, 23(2), 116-126. https://doi.org/10.1093/hsw/23.2.116
– Nishimura, S., Nevgi, A., & Tella, S. (2017). Communication style and cultural features in high/low context communication cultures: A case study of Finland, Japan and India. *Journal of Intercultural Communication*, 45, 1-12. https://immi.se/intercultural/nr45/nishimura.html
– Purnell, L. D. (2018). *Guide to culturally competent health care*. FA Davis.
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