Assignment 1 – Critical Insights
Learning Outcomes Tested in this Assignment :
1. Prepare a critical insight into the development and progression of environmental issues and concerns within the context of business and management
Introduction
The growing belief that business and society should incorporate a responsible element to their activities is receiving increased attention in many spheres to embed and enhance a sustainable perspective to align with: “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” (Our Common Future: Brundtland Report)
Assignment Brief (Total 100 marks – overall 30% of modular assessments)
Prepare an evidence-based, longitudinal report which traces the development of corporate social responsibility and provides a critical evaluation of key events and issues which have contributed to the growth and adoption of the concept by businesses throughout the world. (1000 words)
Supporting data should be used to illustrate the response and the contents should be given credibility by the use of academic references. The use of a table is suggested to summarize points and assist with adhering to the word count, together with selection and judgement to avoid attempting coverage which is too broad and therefore lacks the depth expected at post-graduate level.
Guidance Notes
At post-graduate level there is an expectation that independent research is undertaken and this assignment provides you with an opportunity to select examples which have occurred to highlight and emphasise social responsibility. As this topic has accelerated over the last decade, it is suggested that the most recent examples have the greatest contemporary relevance for your studies. Using a table is suggested and this type of format could be used, but not the example as this is too dated, it is merely used as an illustration. You may prefer different headings and it is useful to include political developments and government initiatives
Date |
Location |
Impact |
Outcome |
November 1988 |
Odyssey Oil Spill Nova Scotia, Canada |
43 million gallons 4.8 x 16 km oil split 27 crew members presumed dead |
Changes in practice Recommendations Policy/Legislation, etc |
The submission should include an introduction, before the table. Following the table it is useful to adopt the stance of a theoretical-practitioner and select key points to link with the theories you have studies during the module. The final sections should be a summary and list of references in alphabetical order by author’s surname using Harvard referencing.
Sample Answer
Critical Insights into the Development of Environmental Issues in Business and Management
Introduction
In the past few decades, environmental issues have become a growing concern for businesses, governments, and society. Companies are no longer judged only on profit but also on how they affect the environment and society. This change is connected to the concept of sustainable development, which means meeting present needs without harming the ability of future generations to meet theirs (Brundtland Report, 1987).
As a result, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a major focus in business. CSR refers to a company’s efforts to improve society and reduce its negative impact on the environment. This report looks at key events that have shaped CSR and environmental responsibility over time. It will include a table summarising important global events, followed by a discussion linking these events to academic theories.
Timeline of CSR Development and Environmental Issues in Business
Date | Location | Impact | Outcome / Business Response |
---|---|---|---|
1984 | Bhopal, India | Gas leak at Union Carbide killed ~15,000 and affected thousands more. | Raised awareness of industrial safety; pushed global CSR standards (Shrivastava, 1992). |
1989 | Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, Alaska | 11 million gallons of oil spilled; severe marine pollution. | Led to US Oil Pollution Act (1990); new environmental risk protocols (Smith, 2001). |
1997 | Kyoto Protocol | First major international agreement to reduce greenhouse gases. | Pressured businesses to reduce emissions and adopt cleaner technology. |
2001 | Enron Scandal, USA | Corporate fraud and collapse of energy giant. | Corporate governance and transparency became key CSR components (Healy & Palepu, 2003). |
2010 | BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill | Largest marine oil spill; 11 workers died; extensive environmental harm. | $20bn compensation fund; increased focus on corporate accountability. |
2015 | Paris Climate Agreement | Agreement among 196 countries to limit global warming to below 2°C. | Business investment in clean energy and carbon-reduction strategies grew |