Week 5 Assignment 2: Cardiac Annotated Study Guide
Due: Sunday, 5 February 2023, 11:55 PM
Done: Make a submission
Value: Complete/Incomplete (100 points is Complete and 0 is Incomplete)
Due: Day 7
Grading Category: Other Assignments
Overview
In this assignment, you will complete the following Annotated Study Guide. The study guide is based on the content from this module and is to be completed as you go through your learning material for this module.
It is strongly suggested that you complete this assignment to better prepare for upcoming assignments and exams. This tool will make a handy reference as you go forward in your practice and career.
Instructions
Download the Cardiac Annotated Study Guide (Word) before you begin your week’s assigned geriatric assessment assigned readings.
Review the study guide for topics that will be of particular importance during your reading, and type notes from your reading into the guide to annotate it.
Save your final file with your name and assignment title, then follow the instructions to submit your study guide file.
Use this study guide for yourself to study for the course exams and to review for your boards.
Please refer to the Grading Rubric for details on how this activity will be graded.
To Submit Your Assignment:
Select the Add Submissions button.
Drag or upload your files to the File Picker.
Select Save Changes.
Submission status
Submission statusSubmitted for gradingGrading statusGradedTime remainingAssignment was submitted 2 days 11 hours earlyLast modifiedFriday, 3 February 2023, 12:37 PMFile submissionsCardiac Murmus.docxTurnitin ID: 200564104443%3 February 2023, 12:37 PMSubmission commentsComments (0)
Annotated Study Guide for Cardiac Murmurs
Instructions
Each of the cardiac topics you are responsible for knowing have been collected in the readings for the module and study guide. To help recall and master this material, you will annotate each topic in this study guide with notes, thoughts, and/or images as you perform the required readings at the start of this week. There will be prompts, but do not consider yourself constrained by these, as long as each topic is annotated in some way.
Cardiac Murmurs
Review of heart valves and circulation
Timing
Heard longer than heart sounds
Palpate the carotid arterial pulse
Systolic, diastolic, or continuous
Intensity of Sound
Crescendo grows louder, decrescendo gets softer, crescendo-decrescendo, plateau
Location
Where does the sound originate from?
Listen to all areas- aortic, pulmonic, tricuspid, mitral
Radiation
Where does the sound radiate to?
Think about direction of the blood flow
Intensity
Graded from I to VI
Grade I – very faint
Grade II- faint but heart immediately, louder than grade II
Grade III- Moderately loud
Grade IV- loud, thrill
Grade V- heard with stethoscope partly off chest, thrill
Grace VI- heard with stethoscope off chest, thrill
Loud murmurs can have a thrill
Pitch
What does it sound like- high, medium, low
Quality
Musical, blowing, harsh, clicking, blowing
Position & Maneuvers
Is there a change with position- sitting
Is there a change with respiration
Valsalva or standing will decrease murmurs except for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy & mitral valve prolapse
Extra Sounds
S3 is associated with CHF
S4 is associated with LVH
Systolic Murmurs
Mitral regurgitation, aortic stenosis
Benign murmurs
Mitral Regurgitation
Radiates to axilla
Loud blowing & high pitched
Holosystolic / pansystolic murmur
Heard at 2nd ICS right side of the sternum
Radiates to neck
Harsh & noisy murmur
Mid-systolic ejection murmur
Diastolic Murmurs
Mitral stenosis, aortic regurgitation
Diastolic murmurs are abnormal
Heard at the apex
Low pitch rumbling murmur
Opening snap
Little radiation
Can be caused by rheumatic heart disease
Heard at 2nd ICS right of sternum
High pitched blowing murmur, decrescendo
Mitral Valve Prolapse
S2 click followed by a systolic murmur
Loud & musical
May be at higher risk for embolism, TIA, AF
Diagnosed with echo & Doppler
Continuous Murmurs
Begin during systole and continue into diastole
Pericardial friction rub- scratching / scraping
Patent Ductus Arteriosis (PDA)- machinery like, harsh
Mammary souffle- heard during late 3rd trimester / lactation
Where will you expect to hear mitral valve prolapse?
Describe the sounds of aortic stenosis.
Name 2 systolic murmurs.
Name 2 diastolic murmurs.
What is the most common murmur?
What is the expected location to hear mitral regurgitation?
Matching
Match the intensity of the murmur to the Grade
Head with stethoscope not touching chest, thrill present Grade II
Loud, accompanied by a thrill Grade VI
Very faint, not heard if the person changes position Grade I
Usually readily heard, slightly louder, heard in all positions Grade III
Loud but not accompanied by a thrill Grade IV
Can be heard with stethoscope barely on chest, thrill present Grade V
