Week 5 ANOVA Exercises SPSS Output
Descriptives
Overall satisfaction, material well-being
N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error
95% Confidence Interval for
Mean
Minimum MaximumLower Bound Upper Bound
No Housing Problem 367 12.71 2.353 .123 12.47 12.95 4 16
One Housing Problem 264 11.97 2.588 .159 11.66 12.28 4 16
Two or More Housing
Problems
304 10.57 2.594 .149 10.28 10.86 4 16
Total 935 11.80 2.658 .087 11.63 11.97 4 16
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Overall satisfaction, material well-being
Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.
2.109 2 932 .122
ANOVA
Overall satisfaction, material well-being
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 771.072 2 385.536 61.674 .000
Within Groups 5826.111 932 6.251
Total 6597.183 934
Multiple Comparisons
Overall satisfaction, material well-being
Tukey HSD
(I) Housing Problems (J) Housing Problems Mean
Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig.
95% Confidence Interval
Lower Bound Upper Bound
No Housing Problem One Housing Problem .739* .202 .001 .27 1.21
Two or More Housing
Problems
2.139* .194 .000 1.68 2.59
One Housing Problem No Housing Problem -.739* .202 .001 -1.21 -.27
Two or More Housing
Problems
1.401* .210 .000 .91 1.89
Two or More Housing
Problems
No Housing Problem -2.139* .194 .000 -2.59 -1.68
One Housing Problem -1.401* .210 .000 -1.89 -.91
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
### ANOVA Analysis of Overall Satisfaction and Material Well-being Based on Housing Problems
The following analysis evaluates the impact of housing problems on overall satisfaction and material well-being using ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests.
#### Descriptive Statistics
| Housing Problems | N | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error | 95% Confidence Interval for Mean | Minimum | Maximum |
|——————————|—–|——-|—————-|————|———————————-|———|———|
| No Housing Problem | 367 | 12.71 | 2.353 | .123 | 12.47 – 12.95 | 4 | 16 |
| One Housing Problem | 264 | 11.97 | 2.588 | .159 | 11.66 – 12.28 | 4 | 16 |
| Two or More Housing Problems | 304 | 10.57 | 2.594 | .149 | 10.28 – 10.86 | 4 | 16 |
| Total | 935 | 11.80 | 2.658 | .087 | 11.63 – 11.97 | 4 | 16 |
These descriptive statistics show a decrease in overall satisfaction and material well-being as the number of housing problems increases. Individuals with no housing problems report the highest mean satisfaction (12.71), while those with two or more housing problems report the lowest (10.57).
#### Test of Homogeneity of Variances
| Levene Statistic | df1 | df2 | Sig. |
|——————|—–|—–|——-|
| 2.109 | 2 | 932 | .122 |
The Levene’s test indicates that the assumption of homogeneity of variances is met (p = .122), meaning the variances are equal across groups.
#### ANOVA
| Source | Sum of Squares | df | Mean Square | F | Sig. |
|——————-|—————-|—–|————-|———|——-|
| Between Groups | 771.072 | 2 | 385.536 | 61.674 | .000 |
| Within Groups | 5826.111 | 932 | 6.251 | | |
| Total | 6597.183 | 934 | | | |
The ANOVA results show a significant difference in overall satisfaction and material well-being between the different groups based on housing problems (F(2, 932) = 61.674, p < .001).
#### Multiple Comparisons (Tukey HSD)
| (I) Housing Problems | (J) Housing Problems | Mean Difference (I-J) | Std. Error | Sig. | 95% Confidence Interval |
|——————————-|—————————–|———————–|————|——-|—————————–|
| No Housing Problem | One Housing Problem | .739* | .202 | .001 | .27 – 1.21 |
| | Two or More Housing Problems| 2.139* | .194 | .000 | 1.68 – 2.59 |
| One Housing Problem | No Housing Problem | -.739* | .202 | .001 | -1.21 – -.27 |
| | Two or More Housing Problems| 1.401* | .210 | .000 | .91 – 1.89 |
| Two or More Housing Problems | No Housing Problem | -2.139* | .194 | .000 | -2.59 – -1.68 |
| | One Housing Problem | -1.401* | .210 | .000 | -1.89 – -.91 |
*The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
The Tukey HSD test indicates significant differences between all pairs of groups:
– Individuals with no housing problems report significantly higher satisfaction than those with one housing problem (Mean Difference = .739, p = .001) and those with two or more housing problems (Mean Difference = 2.139, p < .001).
– Those with one housing problem also report significantly higher satisfaction than those with two or more housing problems (Mean Difference = 1.401, p < .001).
### Interpretation and Clinical Implications
The analysis shows that housing problems significantly affect overall satisfaction and material well-being. As the number of housing problems increases, satisfaction and well-being decrease significantly. This information can be crucial for healthcare and social service providers in identifying and addressing housing-related issues to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
### Example from Clinical Experience
In a clinical setting, a patient presenting with multiple housing problems may exhibit lower satisfaction and well-being scores. By recognizing the significant impact of housing issues on health and well-being, practitioners can better advocate for comprehensive interventions, including social services support, housing assistance programs, and counseling to address the root causes of dissatisfaction and improve the overall quality of life.
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